Chronic bronchitis is bronchitis that lasts longer than three months. Symptoms of chronic bronchitis include long-term respiratory illnesses. Those who suffer from chronic bronchitis cough daily for at least 3 months a year, at least 2 years in a row.
Lung disease such as chronic bronchitis requires ongoing medical care and can gradually deteriorate the lungs. Chronic bronchitis often leads to emphysema, another respiratory disease.
In chronic bronchitis, airflow is restricted in the air passages, which worsens over time. As a result, breathing becomes more difficult and more mucus is produced in the lungs. An infection caused by chronic bronchitis can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Chronic bronchitis is primarily caused by smoking, which paralyzes cilia, which protect the lungs from germs and irritants. Mucus accumulates in the lungs when cilia are damaged. Consequently, irritated, swollen, and narrowed bronchial tubes develop. During times of increased oxygen demand, the bronchial tubes are also less able to expand. As a result of mucus stuck in the smaller passages, stale air is trapped instead of exhaled. As a result, breathing becomes difficult.
Chronic bronchitis can be caused by occupational or environmental irritants. Among the irritants are :
When acute bronchitis or other repeated lung infections occur repeatedly, chronic bronchitis may develop - the recurring cough associated with acute bronchitis can damage the bronchial tube lining, which makes it harder to clear mucus.
A cough resulting from mucus leads to more scarring of the lungs and further mucus production. It is possible for chronic bronchitis to develop over time due to these damages. Chronic bronchitis can also be caused by recurrent respiratory tract infections during early childhood or infancy.
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